Recombinant Human TNF-alpha Protein (Trimer, C-His)

Trimer integrity confirmed by MALS. Measured by cytotoxicity assay using L929 cells in the presence of actinomycin D; specific activity is comparable to WHO reference TNF-alpha.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is the prototypical pro-inflammatory cytokine and the namesake of an entire drug class. Produced principally by macrophages as a type II membrane protein and released by TACE/ADAM17 cleavage, TNF-α signals only as a homotrimer through TNFR1 and TNFR2, orchestrating inflammation, apoptosis and endothelial activation. The therapeutic stakes are enormous: anti-TNF antibodies and Fc-fusions — infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, certolizumab — are among the best-selling biologics in history, treating rheumatoid arthritis, IBD and psoriasis. Because receptor engagement and antibody neutralization strictly require the native trimeric assembly, our MALS-verified trimeric TNF-α is the format of choice for biosimilar potency testing, neutralization assays and TNF-axis research.